1 Samuel 16:5

Authorized King James Version

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And he said, Peaceably: I am come to sacrifice unto the LORD: sanctify yourselves, and come with me to the sacrifice. And he sanctified Jesse and his sons, and called them to the sacrifice.

Original Language Analysis

וַיֹּ֣אמֶר׀ And he said H559
וַיֹּ֣אמֶר׀ And he said
Strong's: H559
Word #: 1 of 17
to say (used with great latitude)
שָׁל֗וֹם Peaceably H7965
שָׁל֗וֹם Peaceably
Strong's: H7965
Word #: 2 of 17
safe, i.e., (figuratively) well, happy, friendly; also (abstractly) welfare, i.e., health, prosperity, peace
לִזְבֹּ֤חַ to sacrifice H2076
לִזְבֹּ֤חַ to sacrifice
Strong's: H2076
Word #: 3 of 17
to slaughter an animal (usually in sacrifice)
לַֽיהוָה֙ unto the LORD H3068
לַֽיהוָה֙ unto the LORD
Strong's: H3068
Word #: 4 of 17
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
וּבָאתֶ֥ם I am come H935
וּבָאתֶ֥ם I am come
Strong's: H935
Word #: 5 of 17
to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
וַיְקַדֵּ֤שׁ And he sanctified H6942
וַיְקַדֵּ֤שׁ And he sanctified
Strong's: H6942
Word #: 6 of 17
to be (causatively, make, pronounce or observe as) clean (ceremonially or morally)
וּבָאתֶ֥ם I am come H935
וּבָאתֶ֥ם I am come
Strong's: H935
Word #: 7 of 17
to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
אִתִּ֖י H854
אִתִּ֖י
Strong's: H854
Word #: 8 of 17
properly, nearness (used only as a preposition or an adverb), near; hence, generally, with, by, at, among, etc
לַזָּֽבַח׃ them to the sacrifice H2077
לַזָּֽבַח׃ them to the sacrifice
Strong's: H2077
Word #: 9 of 17
properly, a slaughter, i.e., the flesh of an animal; by implication, a sacrifice (the victim or the act)
וַיְקַדֵּ֤שׁ And he sanctified H6942
וַיְקַדֵּ֤שׁ And he sanctified
Strong's: H6942
Word #: 10 of 17
to be (causatively, make, pronounce or observe as) clean (ceremonially or morally)
אֶת H853
אֶת
Strong's: H853
Word #: 11 of 17
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
יִשַׁי֙ Jesse H3448
יִשַׁי֙ Jesse
Strong's: H3448
Word #: 12 of 17
jishai, david's father
וְאֶת H853
וְאֶת
Strong's: H853
Word #: 13 of 17
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
בָּנָ֔יו and his sons H1121
בָּנָ֔יו and his sons
Strong's: H1121
Word #: 14 of 17
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
וַיִּקְרָ֥א and called H7121
וַיִּקְרָ֥א and called
Strong's: H7121
Word #: 15 of 17
to call out to (i.e., properly, address by name, but used in a wide variety of applications)
לָהֶ֖ם H0
לָהֶ֖ם
Strong's: H0
Word #: 16 of 17
לַזָּֽבַח׃ them to the sacrifice H2077
לַזָּֽבַח׃ them to the sacrifice
Strong's: H2077
Word #: 17 of 17
properly, a slaughter, i.e., the flesh of an animal; by implication, a sacrifice (the victim or the act)

Analysis & Commentary

And he said, Peaceably: I am come to sacrifice unto the LORD: sanctify yourselves, and come with me to the sacrifice. And he sanctified Jesse and his sons, and called them to the sacrifice.

Sanctification (qadash) involved ritual purification preparing participants for sacred encounter. Samuel's personal sanctification of Jesse and his sons set them apart for the special revelation about to occur. The sacrificial context provided legitimate religious cover while also genuinely preparing hearts for God's work. The tension between public ritual and private purpose reflects how God often works within ordinary structures to accomplish extraordinary purposes.

Historical Context

Ritual purification typically involved washing, clean garments, and abstention from sexual relations (Exodus 19:10-15). Such preparation acknowledged human unworthiness to approach the holy God and the need for ceremonial cleansing before worship. Family sacrifices strengthened clan bonds and renewed covenant commitment.

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